![]() The desire to capture the natural world in its exact form is a fundamental part of the Impressionist movement. The Barbizon School emerged around this time, and this marked a growing international fascination with painting the natural world in all of its unaltered glory. As early as the 1820s, Naturalist artists like Jean-Francois Millet and Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot were creating sketches of the countryside, trees, and rural people en plein air in the Barbizon forest. While painting en plein air is often primarily associated with Impressionism, it was a central feature of the Naturalism movement. Naturalism rejected the mythological heroism and historical contextualization of conventional art.įarmer Inserting a Graft on a Tree (1865) by Jean-François Millet Jean-François Millet, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons Realism sought to present the world as it were, without frills or fancies, while Naturalism centered around the natural world as a subject matter. Although the two share many similarities and are often confused, there are distinct differences. The Naturalism movement emerged around the same time and had close associations with Realism. Impressionist subject matters are far removed from the glorified and valorized historical heroes of official paintings. Impressionism found inspiration in Realism’s rejection of perfectly catered subject matters removed from lived reality. Not only did his work sit opposite the official traditions in concept, but Courbet held the exhibition directly opposite the Paris Universal Exposition. In 1855, Courbet financed and held an exhibition of his work. At the time, an oppressive regime firmly gripped the French, forcing much of the public into severe poverty.ĭespite the rampant poverty, the art of the time focused on mythological and classical narratives, extravagant depictions of the natural world, and idealized nude figures. Gustave Courbet was the pioneer of Realism, and he believed that the art of official institutions was blind to reality. The first art movement to defy the Parisian establishment in the mid-19th century was Realism. Realism and Naturalism rejected many Romantic traditions, and Impressionism has several roots in these styles.Ĭomo and Lake Como (1834) by Jean-Baptiste Camille Coro Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons Impressionist artists were not alone in challenging these conventions of artistic beauty and the relationship between the artist and the State. Impressionist artists rejected many of the traditions and techniques of other painting styles, particularly Romanticism. In this section of the article, we explore the Impressionist movement as it developed throughout the end of the 19th century.Ī Revolutionary Movement: Impressionism and Official ArtĪt its heart, the Impressionist movement was a revolutionary art movement. During this time, Impressionism morphed several times, and different periods are associated with vastly different techniques, subject matters, and styles. The Impressionist movement began at the beginning of the second half of the 19th century, and it lasted in various facets until roughly 1910. The Development of the Impressionist Movement ![]() 1883) by Paul Cezanne Paul Cézanne, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons The progression of the Impressionist movement was slow and difficult, and we explore that development in this article, as well as taking a look at some of the most common practices and the most famous artists of the movement.Įstate with Red Roof (c. Throwing aside the need for realism and the focus on the natural world, Impressionist artists sought to portray the world through a lens of personal experience that reflected our inner world too. 7.1 Who Are the Most Famous Impressionist Artists?Ĭertainly one of the most influential artistic movements of the 19th century, Impressionism was an intentional revolt against the strict guidelines of the pre-Impressionist art world.6 Life After Impressionism: Post-Impressionist Movements.5 Famous Impressionist Painters and Their Works.4.3 The Human Body and Impressionist Artists.4 The Trends, Concepts, and Styles of Impressionism.3.3 The Influence of Scientific Development.2.4 The Anonymous Society of Artists, Painters, Sculptors, Engravers, and More. ![]() ![]()
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